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In order to investigate morphological and cultural characteristics of strains in species, Flammulina velutipes, the author collected isolates of Flammultina velutipes at 49 locations in Korea and cultivated these isolates on the various kinds of solid media. After investigating the cultural characteristics, appeared on the various media, he obtained the following results: 1. The variation of colors in the fruit bodies is connected with the variation of climatic environments(composite effects between mean temperature in January and number of rain days of 1mm and over precipitation). The author, therefore, can find out the trend that brown type is distributed in the midland climatic region and yellow type in the southern climatic region. 2. Two types can be classified into several strains respectively: the strain of abundant or insufficient productivity, and strain of selectivity or non-selectivity of media. 3. According to the results of mutual comparison of soluble mycelial proteins by disc electrophoresis using polyacrylamide gels, each type has special common protein fractions (brown type: band located at 26.5mm position from surface of gel, yellow type: band located at 24.5mm position from surface of gel), and each strain has special protein fractions too. Therefore this phenomenon seems to support the results obtained by the above-stated morphological and cultural studies. 4. In the adaptability of strains to the temperature, every strain has the nature of growing in lower temperature (the optimum temperature of 20℃ to 25℃) except that YI-1 strain has the optimum temperature of 25℃-26℃. And mycelial growth of every strain is discontinued at 35℃. 5. In the adaptability of strains to the H-ion concentration, every strain has wide adaptable range of H-ion concentration, and has optimum range of pH 5.5 to 6.6 in mycelial growth excepting YA01, BI-2 and YI-1. 6. In the utility of carbon sources, the mycelial growth of every strain is very poor on the media containing xylose(average diameter of mycelial growth : 18mm), and most strains utilize favorably sucrose(39mm), maltose(37mm) and dextrose(35mm) in mycelial growth. In the utility of nitrogen sources, every strain utilizes favorably organic nitrogens(36 mm)more than inorganic nitrogens (25 mm), and utilizes fully peptone and asparagine in organic nitrogens. Especially BA-1, BIK-2 and YA-1 strains grow vigorously on each media containing various carbon and nitrogen sources. 7. The characteristic tests of the number of days required for mycelial growth, the number of days required for sprout of young bodies, the length of stipe and the number of fruit bodies formation seem to be useful methods in the early selection of the strain of the abundant productivity.
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